The degree to which a collective encourages and rewards group members for performance improvement and excellence

The degree to which individuals are assertive, confrontational and aggressive in their relationships with others

The extent to which individuals engage in future-oriented behaviors such as delaying gratification, planning, and investing in the future

The degree to which a collective encourages and rewards individuals for being fair, altruistic, generous, caring and kind to others

The degree to which organizational and societal institutional practices encourage and reward collective distribution of resources and collective action

The degree to which individuals express pride, loyalty, and cohesiveness in their organizations or families

The degree to which a collective minimizes gender inequality

The extent to which the community accepts and endorses authority, power differences, and status privileges

The extent to which a society, organization, or group relies on social norms, rules, and procedures to alleviate unpredictability of future events

The ability to inspire, to motivate, and to expect high performance outcomes from others based on firmly held core values.

The ability effectively build teams and implement a common purpose or goal among team members.

The degree to which managers involve others in making and implementing decisions

The degree to which leaders are supportive and considerate but also includes compassion and generosity

The degree to which leaders are independent and individualistic

The degreee to which leadership focuses on ensuring the safety and security of the individual and group through status enhancement and face saving